The Transformation of the World (266 page)

repatriation of emigres,
129
,
159
,
161
,
845

social class and,
159
–
60

social environment and,
128
–
35

state control of,
165

transfrontier process,
330

transnational,
145
–
48

war or rebellion and,
145

Milan,
15
,
243
,
270
,
298

military power,
78

conscription,
616
–
18

efficiency growth of,
908
–
9

Mill, John Stuart,
18
,
25
,
88
,
248
,
459
,
508
,
833
,
860
–
61
,
903
,
913

Millaud, Moïse,
36

Millenarianism,
75
,
164
,
553
,
896

Mindon, King of Burma,
502
,
581

Minié, Claude-Etienne,
485

mining,
63
,
134
,
150
,
267
,
347
,
661
,
716

Mintz, Sydney W.,
228

missionaries, religious

as colonial accomplices,
445
,
498
,
891

disruption of social hierarchy by,
766
–
67
,
891
–
93

education and,
33
,
784
,
794
,
796
,
797
,
802
,
901
,
912

and Europeanization of cultures,
71
,
236
,
238
,
343
,
353
,
778
,
827
–
29
,
891

Jesuits,
24
,
50
–
51
,
80
,
184
,
294
,
784
–
85
,
803
,
809
–
10
,
816
,
875
–
76
,
889

knowledge transfer and,
11
,
24
,
184
,
784
,
792
,
794
,
796
–
97
,
801
,
809
–
10
,
816
,
892
–
93
,
893
–
94
,
912
(
See also
education
under this heading
)

lower classes as focus of,
822
–
23
,
834
–
35

motives of,
889
–
94

relief and humanitarian aid programs,
225

violence against,
42
,
890

See also under specific empires; specific nations
Mississippi,
100
,
349

Mississippi River and Mississippi Valley,
250
,
345
,
349
,
389

Mizra Husain Ali Muri “Bahá'u'lláh,”
896

mobility,
910
–
11

diseases and,
125
,
180
–
82
,
185
–
94

religious pilgrimage and,
164
–
65
,
900
–
901

statistics as measure of,
117

transportation technology and,
911

See also
migration

modernity,
904
–
6

civilization and,
836

“classical modernism,”
65

cultural inflections of,
771

“early modern age” as epoch,
48

global
sattelzeit
and,
59
–
63

industrial “takeoff” and,
640

modern age as epoch,
55
–
58

racism and,
872

Moltke, Helmuth Graf von,
70
,
471

Monadnock Building Complex,
319

monarchies,
579
–
93
,
586
–
93

absolutism and,
572
–
73

constitutional,
53
,
296
,
520
,
570
,
577
,
584
–
85
,
602
–
3
,
848

court societies and,
592
–
93

emancipation and crisis of,
917

and popular consent,
590
–
91

princely residencies,
270
–
72

secularization and,
882

territoriality and,
108

money.
See
currency

Mongolia

Chinese control of,
146
,
359
–
60
,
436
,
481

disease outbreaks in,
187
–
88

nomadic pastoralism in,
149
,
209
,
223

as region,
82
,
103
–
4

trade in,
359
–
60
,
717

Mongols,
103
,
345
,
356
–
59
,
361
,
365
,
879

Monroe, James,
100

Monroe Doctrine,
100

Montague, Lady Mary Wortley,
180

Montenegro,
256
,
409

Montesquieu, Charles Louis de Secondat, Baron,
17
,
22
,
539
,
542
,
572
,
584
,
755
,
840
–
41

Montreal,
192
,
269
,
297

Moore, Barrington,
555

moral economy,
676
,
683
,
704

Morant Bay scandal,
860
–
61

Morgan, Pierpont,
220

Mori Ogai,
903

Mormonism,
75
,
548
,
885
,
895
–
96
,
901

Morocco,
236
,
243
,
297
,
401
–
2
,
419
,
439
,
503
,
582

Morris, Ian,
392

Morris, William,
674

Morse, Edward S.,
244

Morse code,
721

Moscow,
143
,
190
,
252
,
260
,
269
,
289
,
316
,
546

mountaineering,
376

Mountbatten, Louis, 1st Viscount,
82

Mount Everest,
81

Mozambique,
151
–
52
,
418

Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus,
5

Muhammad Ahmed “Mahdi,”
265
,
401
,
447
,
896

Muhammad Ali, Pasha of Egypt,
13
,
150
–
51
,
181
,
291
–
92
,
313
,
446
–
48
,
721

Muhammad Ali, Shah of Iran,
562
,
567
,
592
,
617
–
18
,
627
,
895
,
897

Müller, Friedrich Max,
818
,
876

Mumford, Lewis,
71

Munich,
7
,
173
–
74
,
191
,
259
,
298
,
777

Murasaki Shikibu,
21

Murray, James,
16

museums,
11
–
14
,
43
,
817
–
18

music,
5
–
6
,
65
,
505
,
696
,
754
,
773
,
777
,
812
,
823

Muslim khanates,
103

Muslim world

cities of the,
321

communication networks within,
900

education and literacy in,
797
,
799

Indian Ocean and,
98
–
99

industrialization in,
650

ordering of space in,
106
–
7

as “Orient,”
83
,
84

revolutions in,
889

secularization in,
565
–
67

slavery in,
837
,
843

urbanization of,
251

water and sewer systems in,
174
–
75

women's rights in,
507

See also
Islam

Mussolini, Benito,
576

Mustafa Reshid Pasha,
627

Mutsuhito.
See
Meiji Emperor of Japan Muzaffar al-Din, Shah of Iran,
562

Mysore,
447
–
48

“Nadar,” Gaspard-Félix Trounachon,
39

Nagasaki,
23
,
93
,
471
,
655
,
728
,
785
,
885

Nahouchi Magoichi,
312

Nairobi,
265

Nakahama Manjirō,
388

Nakayama Shigeru,
809

names, geographic,
78
–
86

Namibia,
127

Nana Sahib (Govind Dhondu Pant),
553

Nanjing,
96
,
251
,
276
,
490
,
548
–
49

Nantes,
282

Nantong,
687

Nantucket,
386

Naples,
191
,
251
–
52
,
257
,
298
,
592

Napoleon I (Bonaparte),
61
,
503

civic improvements and,
174
,
181

civilizing mission of,
437
,
829
–
31

and creation of parvenu aristocracy,
270
,
538
,
592
–
93

defeat of,
397
,
400
,
721

economic tactics deployed by,
211
,
381

empire of,
397
,
400
,
436
–
38
,
518
,
528
,
538

exile of,
139

knowledge collection and production under,
8
,
12
,
805
,
820
–
21

military force assembled by,
490
,
616

and parvenu aristocracy,
751
–
52

public health and,
174
,
181

rationalization of the state under,
30
,
609

slavery and,
698

statistics and,
30

Napoleonic Code,
670

Napoleonic Empire,
54
,
400
,
436
–
37
,
490
,
619
,
822

Napoleonic wars,
12
,
54
,
89
,
202
,
298
,
541
,
625
–
26

Napoleon III (Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte),
32
,
501
,
545
,
578
,
586
,
590
–
92
,
754

Algeria and,
438
–
39

Catholic Church and,
831
,
878
,
890

imperial interests of,
82
,
400
–
401
,
438
–
39
,
754
,
844

Italy and,
410
–
11

Mexican intervention by,
400
–
401
,
425

military defeat of,
398
,
410

modernization and,
296
,
590
–
91

Suez Canal and,
691

Narodniki,
565

Nash, John,
270
,
296
,
308

Nasir al-Din, Shah of Iran,
22
,
501
,
562
,
567
,
587
–
88

Natal,
154
,
159
,
160
,
682
,
863

National Convention,
394
,
530
,
842

nationalism,
12
,
17
,
60
,
70
,
101
,
138
,
471
,
860

in Algeria,
439
–
40

anti-imperialism and,
406

British imperialism and,
450
–
51

Catholic church and,
411
,
884

in China,
237

colonialism and,
917

defensive,
631

education and,
799
–
800

and emancipation of “third world,”
918

within empires,
467

encyclopedias and,
15
,
424

and ethnic or racial prejudices,
103
,
139
–
43
,
450
,
770
,
869