Authors: Stephen G. Fritz
fighter production (
see
Germany)
and French campaign,
54
fuel shortages (
see
Germany)
and Goering,
132
,
243
â44,
312
,
318
and Hitler,
37
numbers,
78
,
85
,
343
,
355
,
369
,
378
,
382
,
394
,
410
,
441
,
452
,
461
and Stalingrad,
287
,
306
,
310
â14,
318
,
320
â21,
538
n25
and winter campaign (1943â1944),
366
,
391
,
393
See also
Fliegerkorps; Luftflotte
Lutze, Viktor,
361
Mackensen, Eberhard von (General),
252
Madagascar Plan,
13
,
24
,
65
,
92
,
108
,
479
Maginot Line,
54
Magnuszew,
418
â19,
442
,
444
â45
Maidanek,
258
,
450
.
See also
extermination camps
Maikop,
83
,
164
,
182
,
235
,
268
,
271
â72,
275
â78,
534
n71
malnutrition,
94
,
166
,
167
â68.
See also
hunger policy
Mann, Thomas,
3
Manstein, Erich von (Field Marshal)
anti-Semitism of,
98
Army Group Don,
309
,
312
,
316
,
322
“back-hand blow” strategy,
338
,
417
Cherkassy pocket,
389
â92
defensive battles in Ukraine (1943â1944),
323
â25,
338
â40,
346
â47,
350
â51,
355
â56,
367
â68,
378
â80,
387
â97,
403
dismissal of,
397
Eleventh Army,
163
,
241
,
247
,
268
,
276
and Hitler,
312
,
323
,
340
,
342
,
350
â51,
356
,
367
â68,
379
,
388
,
395
â97
relief attack on Stalingrad,
312
â16
retreat to Dnieper,
368
,
371
,
378
Manteuffel, Hasso von (General),
465
Manych River,
275
Marcks, Erich (General),
52
Marina Gorka,
415
Mauthausen,
260
.
See also
concentration camps
Mediterranean Sea,
xxiv
,
39
,
43
,
45
,
184
,
307
,
311
,
341
â42,
350
â51,
484
,
486
Mediterranean strategy,
45
â51,
71
,
233
,
487
Medyn,
210
â11
Mekhlis, L. Z.,
243
Mers-el-Kebir,
33
Michael I (king of Rumania),
436
Middle East,
39
,
46
,
117
,
233
,
272
,
279
,
336
,
400
Mikhailov,
203
Milch, Erhard (Field Marshal),
222
,
229
,
319
Minsk,
86
â88,
97
,
100
,
111
,
122
,
127
,
130
,
140
,
158
,
167
,
176
,
220
,
381
â82,
408
,
414
â18
Mississippi River,
93
Mittelbau-Dora,
426
.
See also
concentration camps
Mius River,
163
,
165
,
322
,
353
,
370
Model, Walther (Field Marshal),
455
Army Group B,
458
Army Group Center,
415
,
417
â19
Army Group North,
386
Army Group North Ukraine,
408
,
410
Army Group South,
397
â98
Bagration,
408
,
410
,
415
,
417
â19,
432
Citadel,
339
â40,
344
â47,
353
â55
and Hitler,
344
,
354
,
386
,
397
,
408
,
417
,
432
Orel salient,
345
â46,
353
â54
retreat to Panther position,
386
and sabotage of Hitler's “Nero Order,”
455
â56
Mogilev,
123
,
178
,
219
,
409
,
412
,
415
Molodechno,
417
Molotov, Vyacheslav,
48
â50,
80
,
268
Monowitz,
260
Montoire,
47
morale (German),
xxiii
,
89
,
109
,
121
,
136
,
152
,
155
,
159
â60,
164
,
166
â67,
182
,
188
â90,
192
â93,
202
,
224
,
230
,
248
,
262
,
283
,
293
,
295
â97,
319
,
328
,
330
â31,
359
,
363
,
376
â77,
428
,
452
Moltke, Helmuth James von,
167
Morozovsk,
267
Mortain,
420
Moscow.
See
Barbarossa; Red Army: Moscow; Stalin: counterattack at Moscow; Stalin: defense of Moscow; Typhoon
Moscow-Volga canal,
182
,
184
,
191
,
201
Moskva (Moscow) River,
182
Mozdok,
282
Mozhaisk Line,
156
mud,
81
,
89
,
118
â19,
143
,
146
,
149
,
151
,
152
,
153
,
157
â59,
163
â64,
185
,
199
,
213
,
238
,
380
,
389
â91,
393
,
438
Conference,
14
Hitler's annual address,
179
,
299
,
307
,
439
Murmansk,
238
Mussolini, Benito,
36
,
46
â49,
72
,
232
Myshkova River,
315
â16
Napoléon,
3
,
54
,
73
,
77
,
205
,
216
,
231
,
327
National Socialist Leadership officers,
453
National Socialist People's Welfare Organization (NSV),
xvi
,
137
,
363
Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact,
9
,
19
,
25
,
32
,
36
,
45
,
50
Nebe, Arthur,
97
Neman River,
86
Nemmersdorf,
430
â31
“Nero Order” (March 1945),
457
â58
Neva River,
146
Nevel,
383
â84
“New Order,”
12
,
22
,
105
,
257
,
414
,
476
â77,
483
New York,
15
Nezhin,
371
Night of Broken Glass (November 1938).
See
Kristallnacht
Normandy,
337
,
367
,
400
,
402
,
413
,
421
â22,
427
,
469
,
486
North Africa,
39
,
44
,
71
,
197
,
247
,
281
,
299
â301,
307
,
313
,
325
,
336
,
341
,
469
,
484
North Sea,
79
“Not one step back” decree (Stalin Order No. 227),
273
Novorossiysk,
278
Novosokolniki,
383
Nuremberg,
446
nutrition,
166
â67,
171
â73,
297
.
See also
malnutrition
Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW),
xvi
assessments of German strength,
116
,
182
,
237
,
384
,
399
attitude toward communism,
66
,
68
,
97
,
168
â69
attitude toward Jews,
66
,
68
,
97
,
168
â69
and Barbarossa,
58
,
66
,
116
,
125
â26,
128
,
132
â33,
143
,
162
â63
and Battle of Moscow,
151
,
162
â63
and defense of Berlin,
458
â59,
464
and Hitler,
132
,
162
â63,
264
,
280
,
342
,
350
and Mediterranean strategy,
45
,
487
and Nazi ideology,
68
,
168
,
376
,
480
and occupation policy,
66
,
68
,
97
Operations Branch,
445
rivalry with OKH,
264
,
342
,
366
â68,
399
â400
and Soviet prisoner policy,
168
â69
strategy,
162
â63,
336
â37,
379
,
399
â400,
406
,
458
â59
Oberkommando des Heeres (OKH),
xvi
assessments of German strength,
114
â16,
142
,
151
â52,
169
,
209
,
234
,
236
,
262
,
353
,
367
,
522
n85
and Bagration,
405
â12,
415
,
418
,
429
and Barbarossa,
52
â54,
84
,
112
â13,
121
,
123
,
125
,
128
,
148
,
151
,
156
,
158
,
163
â65