The Sea and Civilization: A Maritime History of the World (140 page)

Read The Sea and Civilization: A Maritime History of the World Online

Authors: Lincoln Paine

Tags: #History, #Military, #Naval, #Oceania, #Transportation, #Ships & Shipbuilding

bulk cargoes,
2.1
,
20.1
,
20.2
bulkheads, watertight,
7.1
,
18.1
,
19.1
bullion,
6.1
,
15.1
,
16.1
,
18.1
Burgundy, duke of,
9.1
,
9.2
,
9.3
,
15.1
Burmese,
10.1
,
11.1
Buto,
2.1
,
2.2
Buzurg ibn Shahriyar,
10.1
,
13.1
Byng, John,
17.1
,
nts.1
n
Byzantine Empire,
8.1
,
12.1
,
12.2
,
nts.1
n
Asian trade of,
7.1
,
11.1
caliphates and,
6.1
,
8.1
,
8.2
,
9.1
,
12.1
,
12.2
Crete and,
8.1
,
12.1
Cyprus and,
8.1
,
8.2
,
12.1
extent of,
8.1
,
8.2
,
10.1
Indian Ocean trade and,
6.1
,
7.1
maritime law in,
5.1
,
8.1
,
8.2
naval power of,
8.1
,
9.1
,
12.1
schisms in,
8.1
,
8.2
,
12.1
in North Africa,
8.1
,
8.2
trade of,
8.1
,
8.2
,
8.3
Turks and,
12.1
,
15.1
Varangian Rus and,
9.1
,
9.2
,
9.3
Venice and,
8.1
,
12.1
,
12.2
,
12.3
Byzantium,
9.1
,
9.2
in antiquity,
4.1
,
4.2
,
5.1
,
5.2
,
8.1
Cabot, John,
9.1
,
16.1
Cabral, Pedro Álvares,
14.1
,
14.2
Cadamosto, Alvise da,
14.1
,
nts.1
n
see also
Gadir
Caesar, Julius,
5.1
,
5.2
,
9.1
,
9.2
Calabria,
4.1
,
8.1
,
12.1
,
12.2
Calais,
12.1
,
12.2
,
15.1
Calcutta,
16.1
,
17.1
,
17.2
,
18.1
Calicut,
13.1
,
15.1
,
15.2
Portuguese in,
13.1
,
14.1
,
14.2
,
15.1
California,
itr.1
,
1.1
,
1.2
,
17.1
,
18.1
,
19.1
gold rush,
18.1
,
18.2
Callao,
15.1
,
15.2
Cambay,
3.1
,
15.1
,
15.2
,
16.1
Cambodia,
7.1
,
7.2
,
11.1
,
13.1
ships of,
7.1
,
11.1
–
itr.1
see also
Funan
Campania,
5.1
,
5.2
Canaan,
2.1
,
2.2
,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
4.1
infrastructure in,
18.1
,
18.2
,
18.3
Chinese,
7.1
,
7.2
,
7.3
,
7.4
,
7.5
,
13.1
Egyptian,
4.1
,
5.1
,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
8.1
European,
4.1
,
4.2
,
9.1
,
16.1
,
18.1
and internal growth,
itr.1
,
7.1
,
18.1
irrigation,
2.1
,
3.1
,
6.1
,
6.2
navigation on,
2.1
,
3.1
,
3.2
,
7.1
,
11.1
Near East,
3.1
,
6.1
,
10.1
Canary Islands,
4.1
,
12.1
,
15.1
Columbus and,
14.1
,
14.2
,
14.3
,
14.4
and European expansion,
14.1
,
14.2
,
15.1
Candide
(Voltaire),
nts.1
n
Cannanore (Kannur),
14.1
,
15.1
,
15.2
canoes,
1.1
,
1.2
,
16.1
Canterbury,
9.1
,
14.1
see also
Guangzhou
Cape Cod,
1.1
,
16.1
Cape Colony,
17.1
,
nts.1
n
Cape Horn,
17.1
,
17.2
passages via,
17.1
,
17.2
,
18.1
,
18.2
,
18.3
Cape Town,
17.1
,
nts.1
n,
nts.2
n
Cape Verde,
14.1
,
14.2
,
14.3
Cape Verde Islands,
14.1
,
14.2
,
15.1
Portuguese in,
14.1
,
14.2
capitalism,
16.1
,
18.1
caravel,
14.1
,
14.2
,
14.3
,
15.1
Caria,
3.1
,
4.1
Caribbean,
17.1
,
18.1
,
19.1
,
20.1
Europeans in,
16.1
,
16.2
,
16.3
,
17.1
migration to,
16.1
,
17.1
,
18.1
piracy in,
16.1
,
16.2
,
16.3
pre-Columbian,
1.1
,
1.2
,
1.3
,
1.4
,
1.5
Spanish in,
14.1
,
15.1
,
15.2
,
19.1
United States and,
18.1
,
19.1
,
19.2
,
19.3
Caroline Islands,
1.1
,
1.2
,
1.3
,
19.1
Carolingian Dynasty,
8.1
,
8.2
,
9.1
,
9.2
carrack,
14.1
,
15.1
,
15.2
Cartagena, Colombia,
15.1
,
15.2
Cartagena, Spain,
4.1
,
5.1
Carthage,
4.1
,
4.2
,
4.3
,
4.4
,
8.1
,
8.2
embrace of maritime trade,
8.1
,
12.1
navy of,
4.1
,
5.1
Punic Wars and,
5.1
n
,
5.2
,
5.3
,
5.4
Rome and,
5.1
,
5.2
ships of,
5.1
,
5.2
,
6.1
Cartier, Jacques,
16.1
,
16.2
cash
, copper,
7.1
n
,
11.1
,
13.1
export of,
13.1
,
13.2
,
13.3
,
13.4
,
13.5
Caspian Sea,
9.1
,
12.1
,
15.1
,
15.2
,
18.1
Vikings on,
9.1
,
9.2
Castile,
12.1
,
14.1
,
14.2
Spanish expansion and,
12.1
,
12.2
,
14.1
,
14.2
,
14.3
,
15.1
Catalonia,
12.1
,
12.2
catapults,
5.1
,
5.2
,
5.3
,
8.1
,
9.1
Catherine the Great,
17.1
,
17.2
Caucasus Mountains,
3.1
,
10.1
,
19.1
,
19.2
Central America,
itr.1
,
1.1
,
14.1
,
19.1
,
19.2
Central Asia,
3.1
,
10.1
,
10.2
,
12.1
,
13.1
,
13.2
Buddhism in,
6.1
,
7.1
,
7.2
China and,
7.1
,
10.1
,
11.1
,
11.2
,
11.3
Islam in,
6.1
,
10.1
silk road of,
7.1
,
7.2
,
9.1
,
10.1
Centurion
, HMS,
17.1
,
17.2
ceramics,
1.1
,
1.2
,
1.3
,
2.1
,
2.2
,
3.1
and archaeology,
5.1
,
5.2
,
10.1
,
nts.1
n
Portugal and,
14.1
,
14.2
Ceylon,
see
Sri Lanka
Chalukya kingdom,
10.1
,
13.1
Cham,
7.1
,
7.2
,
11.1
Champlain, Lake,
17.1
,
18.1
Chams,
7.1
,
7.2
Chandragupta,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
6.4
Chang’an,
11.1
,
11.2
,
11.3
,
11.4
canals and,
7.1
,
7.2
,
7.3
,
11.1
,
11.2

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